The review fee must be paid before the review. We have a three year old border collie mix. All titling. And he wasn’t about to. Junior Handlers: If you are a Junior Handler your dog registration is free. NADAC Forum » General » General Discussion » Barrels Question. If forum does not load, refresh page . 2500 Lifetime Points Earned. comNADAC Forum » General ». not only for myself and my own training but for my students and those I am encouraging to prepare for NADAC trials in the HOPEFULLY near future. News: This forum is now strictly a archived version. com. Is this true? Logged Sharon Nelson. 51. Dan Roy has successfully completed the requirements to be added to NADAC's Judges List. Sweetest dog you could ask for. To help the judges with this, could NADAC do a new video about Gamblers and it's general rules, kind of like the fabulous course setting ones that Jimmy and Amanda did? We could then ask competitors to review that before the trial if they are entered in. Home; Help; Search; Login; Register; NADAC Forum » General » General Discussion » Transitioning from C-shaped tunnel to barrelThis forum is now strictly a archived version. Orwell "Animal Farm" -movie. 50/month incl. Forum; Announcements . Scores/Schedule Roster Statistics. Did you forget to put something to search for? Please enter the verification code below to continue to the results. By suggesting that they post in the premium whether they give away special awards is to suggest that they notify exhibitors that they are not worth the trouble of attending. NADAC - Dog agility trial and seminar calendars, rules and information about the North American Dog Agility Council. Topic Posts Last Post Started by; interesting. Online forms for Trial Secretaries Trial Date Reservation Show Report Form Recording Fee Payments & Trial Results […]NADAC Forum » General ». 48. But I thought a bit expensive for 103dBC @ 1Hz…. What is Average. Time is the main factor. Events . DELETED Dec 29, 2015 7:09pm. Looking for online definition of NADAC or what NADAC stands for? NADAC is listed in the World's most authoritative dictionary of abbreviations and acronyms NADAC - What does. Ever since my wife got pregnant, we have seen a behavior change in him. Home; Help; Search; Login; Register; NADAC Forum » General » Trials » Rainier Agility Team 2016 Sweetheart Trial PremiumThis forum is now strictly a archived version. Simply fill out the form and submit as normal, but do NOT. This is a one-time process and the registration number assigned is permanent. New Dragon Asia Corporation (China). Follow Us On Facebook Twitter NADAC Forum. The new forum is located at: NadacForum. 1. . So finding a site with the footing, the arena size, the countless other requirements or desires NADAC has, plus the open dates AND affordability can be limiting. Recruiting. 1995 Olympia, WA 1996 Olympia, WA 1997 Phoenix, AZ 1998 Boston, MA 1999 Duluth, MN 2000 Mankato, MN 2001 Mankato, MN 2002 Mankato, MN NADAC Associates are afforded a number of benefits. Available Subscriptions. 24605 Dodds Rd. yrained dog,,and he is always ready 1: DELETED:NADCA is the global trade association representing the HVAC inspection, cleaning and restoration industry. stpaddydaddy. The new forum is located at: NadacForum. NADAC sanctions agility trials sponsored by affiliated clubs. This forum is now strictly a archived version. Follow Us On Facebook Twitter NADAC Forum. Thanks, Chris, for applying your administrative and communication skills to making NADAC better for all of us! « Last Edit: June 12, 2018, 08:06:22 AM by philwala » Logged Phil Wala NATCH5 V-NATCH3 AA-NATCH3 Skeeter. g. The House of Blue Wildcat Lair - Football Forum The Depot - FB Recruiting Rupp Rafters The Radar - BB Recruiting The Main Board New posts Trending Search forums. Hopefully this can encourage some more flowing conversations Now this change, if it goes well will hopefully lead to us being able. Announcements; Rule Updates; Follow Us On Facebook. Start new topic. Starter Stakes: Dogs must have 150 points in their lifetime in Elite Chances, and TWO (2) bonuses or distance NADAC "VT" (VideoTape) Program. This article covers everything you need to know about NADAC and how it differs from AWP. The NADAC Forum is the best place to ask questions, discuss ideas, and get to know other agility enthusiasts who play our sport! The NADAC Forum. Held every four years, the Forum is the world’s largest international gathering on refugees. NADAC Agility Trial Championship #2. C2C v2. If they stick with nadac the dog will be jumping lower for its entire career, and the other benefits of nadac. Hi everyone, After the last update for times we have gotten a large number of complaints about the standard course times for small dogs. NADAC Competitors can join this forum to stay connected with other agility handlers from around the country, as well as keeping up to dates with news from the NADAC Office. Welcome to Kristen's Board. One person must be designated as the Club Contact who will be the liaison between your organization and NADAC. Only Bonuses/Distance Challenges from the Regular class count towards Championships qualifying. If using the latest firmware, NADAC recognizes 625khz signal of merging clock. Check Points for Your Dog. The NADAC Office is pleased to announce the name of our newest SP-2 Judge. Page 1 of 2. Trial. also what tool is best to use to spread the adhesive. . . Forum; Announcements . Here are the links to the latest versions. Mother NADAC; Posts: 5860; Re: past Champs « Reply #8 on: January 03, 2017, 03:32:10 PM. Events . Listen to the letters /. These benefits include registration of new dogs at the reduced rate of $20 (normal fee $25); waiving of the $10 fee for permanent height cards; replacement of lost or stolen dog registration cards, permanent height cards and associate membership cards at no cost (normal fee $5 per card). NADAC supports dog agility as a competitive sport, while striving to protect and advance the interests of dog agility by encouraging sportsmanlike competition and responsible dog ownership. NADAC sanctions agility trials sponsored by affiliated clubs. Home; Help; Search; Login; Register; NADAC Forum » General » 2020 Championships Discussion » Champs??Login to NADAC. Results marked as received are valid and can be counted for awards and titles. 1. About Press Copyright Contact us Creators Advertise Developers Terms Privacy Policy & Safety How YouTube works Test new features NFL Sunday Ticket Press Copyright. . NADAC Versatility Trial Championship #2. The cost for non-Associates is $25 per dog. Be sure to join the NADAC forum to stay up to date on everything that is happening with NADAC! Along with updates about the Video Tape Program, new. com. The focus of this 2 day seminar will be on building teamwork by creating and building on the needed skills to gain the confidence required by both handler and dog for handling NADAC courses. Since the map re-scale was done I have been working on adding scenery detail to map, but it is a long slow process. NADAC Forum » General » General Discussion » NADAC Awards/Ribbons at Trials « previous next. Online point history lookup - see the points your dog has accumulated towards their NADAC titles. Runs must be taped start-to-finish. All club contact persons are required to register on the NADAC Forum Club section with a valid email address and stay apprised of updates and. Becoming a NADAC Sanctioned Group Only NADAC sanctioned groups will be permitted to host agility trials for the purpose of offering classes for NADAC certification. Password (Forgot password?) or. Inviting him in was my first mistake. He constantly will have his nose in my wife's rear, and humps incessantly. All club contact persons are required to register on the NADAC Forum Club section with a valid email address and stay apprised of updates and. GST. 2 NADAC Forum Discussion Group Exhibitors are encouraged to join the NADAC Forum by going to the and. You do not need to be an associate to register and run your dog in NADAC. 2 NADAC Forum Discussion Group Exhibitors are encouraged to join the NADAC Forum by going to the and submitting your request to. com. As of November-2011 NADAC will accept Video Taped runs for qualifying purposes. The Global Refugee Forum 2023 will take place from 13 to 15 December at the Palexpo in Geneva, Switzerland, with linked events held in other locations from 12 December onwards. Type Name Address Possible Airports to fly out of Email; Staff: Shirlene Clark : Box Hill South Victoria, N/A 3128 AUThis forum is now strictly a archived version. Home; Help; Search; Login; Register; NADAC Forum » General » General Discussion » grandfather into GamblersA complete list of equipment that meets NADAC specifications should be provided. Home; Help; Search; Login; Register; NADAC Forum » General » A complete list of equipment that meets NADAC specifications should be provided. Debbie Potter in Louisville KY with NATCH-4, V-NATCH-4, All-Around-NATCH Dylan the BC Java Joe the amped-up All American Trial Secretary for RuFF Agility of KYCommunity Forum; Contact NADAC; Give Feedback; Select Page. 1. . Logged Chris Nelson. Orwell "Animal Farm" -movie By user: Search order: Options: Show results as messages Search in topic subjects only Message age: between and days. Received points and the main file are merged together twice a month on the 15th and 30th, give or take one day. any sort of abuse will not be tollerated and reported to Tagged. #3. com. com. And there has often been discussion about the venues on the yahoo list and the. Forum; Announcements . Point History Lookup. Announcements; Rule Updates; Follow Us On Facebook. Elite Triple Superior Award. In order to stay current on course design ideas and to review rule interpretations, judges are required to attend monthly webinar discussions and be a member of the NADAC Forum and read the Judges Board on the forum. The NADAC Video Runs Program. I can guarantee if you walk out past the second obstacle, by the time you get your dog back to the start line and trained the clock will be at around 25 seconds if not more. BOAY Ad Free Monthly Subscription - NZ$2. Login to NADAC Email or Username Password (Forgot password?) or Login with Google Login with Facebook Powered by . We will work on making the transition from obstacle focus to path focus; creating and supporting the dogs path; and preparing for the next sequence when. The dog and my wife. • Groups will be combined in walkthrough so that there are between 30 and 50 handlers in each walkthrough group. Basketball. Outdoor Hub, LLC (d/b/a Carbon Media Group), 30800 Telegraph Rd, Suite 1921, Bingham Farms, MI 48025 USAThis forum is now strictly a archived version. The Exhibitor's Handbook says - "VT runs are a replacement for competitors who cannot make it to trials, not a supplement for those also trialing. List of NADAC dog agility judges. Welcome to the NAADAC Community Learn More Explore Discover NAADAC communities to enrich your experience and learning opportunities. The new forum is located at: NadacForum. In addition, please check the Calendar of Events on the NADAC website, toThis forum is now strictly a archived version. Home; Help; Search; Login; Register; NADAC Forum » General » General Discussion » January 2019 Announcement VideoNADAC Forum » General » General Discussion » Gamblers Briefings during the pandemic. Be sure to join the NADAC forum to stay up to date on everything that is happening with NADAC! Along with updates about the Video Tape Program, new clubs, and rules questions, members of the forum can also view the progress of the NADAC Hall of Fame and all of the amazing Bonus Run videos from around the country! Be sure to. The new forum is located at: NadacForum. State or Province: All States and Provinces Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware District of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico. There is a $10 fee for submitting a video for review. 9,949 likes · 3 talking about this · 76 were here. Entries close on Aug 15th 2023. with most of potentially excessive rain midnight-Noon Saturday 10/7 1. The new forum is located at: NadacForum. The new forum is located at: NadacForum. What this means is when you go to submit a topic or reply to a post there will be no delay in that response or topic being posted. Follow Us On Facebook Twitter NADAC Forum. approved by NADAC, please inform the NADAC Office immediately. NADAC, LLC. Dog Chat. Note: Fifty percent (50%) of the points earned in each class requirement for a NATCH or Versatility NATCH must be. NADAC, LLC. Info Sheet – Click Here Premium – Click Here Stall Map – Click HERE Championship Updates: The North American Dog Agility Council (NADAC) was formed in 1993 to provide North American dogs and their handlers with a fast, safe and enjoyable form of the sport of dog agility. NADAC Competitors can join this forum to stay connected with other agility handlers from around the country, as well as keeping up to. If you will run the LAN option, please note that NADAC is using. Hello There, Guest! ( Login — Register) CSNbbs / Active Boards / Lounge / College Sports and Conference Realignment. The new forum is located at: NadacForum. 9,949 likes · 3 talking about this · 76 were here. Login with Google Login with Facebook. Football. . Bend. In Australia, NADAC is still quite new, so changing the format to double runs works. Feb 13, 2021. The new forum is located at: NadacForum. This forum is now strictly a archived version. The new forum is located at: NadacForum. com. National Average Drug Acquisition Cost (NADAC) weekly reference data for the calendar year. Get information on points, titles and awards you have earned, and print or request title certificates. It is designed to support. Exhibitors are encouraged. ". VT PROGRAM AT A GLANCE. The new forum is located at: NadacForum. Home; Help; Search; Login; Register; NADAC Forum » General » General Discussion » Zia's RetirementNeedless to say, unlike other word clock, the merging clock uses 625khz for NADAC. NADAC, LLC. Drug Pricing and Payment. Play NADAC Agility! Search for upcoming NADAC sanctioned trials. 2 NADAC Forum Discussion Group Exhibitors are encouraged to join the NADAC Forum by going to the and submitting your request to join. Email or Username. Join the NADAC Forum to be able to connect and chat with NADAC enthusiasts around the world! 2023 NADAC Championships Champions Center in Springfield, Ohio Pre-Trial October 3-4 Main Event October 5-8 Qualifying Period – Aug 1st 2022 – Aug 1st 2023. About the NADAC Community Forum. He wanted something from me. Hi, I have 2 NADACs, one is single box the other is NADAC + power. Home; Help; Search; Login; Register; NADAC Forum » General » General Discussion » 2019 Changes: Accepting equivalent titles from other agility venuesNorth American Dog Agility Council (NADAC), Bend, Oregon. The States and Canadian Provinces represented were Idaho, Arizona, Texas, Wyoming, North Dakota, South Dakota, California, Alberta (almost Saskatchewan) and of course. NADAC Competitors can join this forum to stay connected with other agility handlers from around the country, as well as keeping up to dates with news from the NADAC Office. Menu. The NADAC Forum is the best place to ask questions, discuss ideas, and get to know other agility enthusiasts who play our sport!The NADAC Forum. And he was hurt. But in Australia, Shirlene and Wendy are doing the vast majority of the work. Login to NADAC Email or Username Password (Forgot password?) or Login with Google Login with Facebook Powered by . So just because there have been events held somewhere does not mean the site would work for Champs. Moderated By: 1845 Bear, brista21, CardinalJim, Fighting Muskie, JRsec, ohio1317, Stay. NADAC supports dog agility as a competitive sport, while striving to protect and advance the interests of dog agility by encouraging sportsmanlike competition and responsible dog ownership. less course changes, less walk-throughs, faster trials. BeckyAH. Is the intent of that statement covered by what's stated further down -- "VT runs cannot be submitted if there is a trial within 150 miles 5 days before AND 5 days after a VT submitted run. If the free expression of human sexuality in all its forms offends you, or you are under the age of 18, DO NOT ENTER. Trial secretaries can also join a private group for Trial Officials to connect with NADAC Clubs around the country as well as stay up to. I did a google search for nadac, followed that link, a. About the NADAC Community Forum . It's called National Average Drug Acquisition Cost (NADAC). Trial Calendar;. Trial Calendar; NADAC Hosted Trials; NADAC Championships; NADAC Regionals; Exhibitor Resources . How To: Ignore (Hide) Selected Member Posts. Administrator; Posts: 2259; Re: Training the start line: « Reply #1 on: March 12, 2018, 05:08:00 PM. com This forum is now strictly a archived version. The National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (NCDRC), India is a quasi-judicial commission in India which was set up in 1988 under the Consumer Protection Act of 1986. Track and verify points and titles you have earned, print or request title certificates. The new forum is located at: NadacForum. Learn More. An agility club or group of individuals whose goals are to promote the sport of agility for all breeds, including mixed breeds, may apply to NADAC for approval as a sanctioned group. Powered by . NADAC Forum » General ». People with NADAC registered and eligible dogs can run courses and submit videos on the NADAC website . That’s pretty average for a lot of nadac dogs. All dogs must be registered to compete in NADAC sanctioned events. Home; Help; Search; Login; Register; NADAC Forum » Past Championships discussions » 2019 Champs General Discussion » StallsIt was a large, dominant-looking German Shepherd. K-9 Lovers - This group is for mostly females that love there dogs and enjoy the pleasure of the knot to the extreme experience, we will at occasionally except a male , it they tell us why they should be a member,so join and enjoy, don't be afraid . A review costs $10. This forum is now strictly a archived version. Menu. 12-02121. drug acquisition cost. The Exhibitor's Handbook says - "VT runs are a replacement for competitors who cannot make it to trials, not a supplement for those also trialing. Trial Calendar; NADAC Hosted Trials; NADAC Championships; NADAC Regionals; Exhibitor Resources . Forum << First < Previous of 4 Next > Last >> Topics 1-20 of 78. 2 NADAC Forum Discussion Group Exhibitors are encouraged to join the NADAC Forum by going to the and submitting your request to join. • Run order and walkthrough orders will vary each day, so if you are in the first group on the first day, you won’t likely be in the first group on the following days. We offer both individual and family memberships. g. loading and hauling the equipment to every trial, setting up the ring, running the trial and tearing down and hauling. Trial Calendar; NADAC Hosted Trials;. com News: This forum is now strictly a archived version. The NADAC Forum is a forum hosted where members can ask questions, participate in NADAC related discussions and access useful information files. I have a young boy that has potential to be a Stakes dog. Search for: e. NDAC. NADAC just published a fix for the point history (on Facebook) which takes you to the old site. That we've been able to handle for the most part. Verification: Listen to the letters / Request another image Type the letters shown in the picture:. Please refer to page 35 in the NADAC rulebook for information on the NADAC Stakes program and on the sections required. Home; Help; Search; Login; Register; NADAC Forum » General » General Discussion » Consistent Contacts!Registration cost: If you are a current NADAC Associate the registration cost is $20 per dog. National Diving & Activity Centre (Chepstow, Gloucestershire, England) NDAC. The new forum is located at: NadacForum. National Defense Advisory Council. s. I am interested in trying to get him qualified for 2021 Champs Starter Stakes. 68. Powered by . The purpose of a NADAC agility trial is to demonstrate the ability of a dog and its handler to work as aJudges must become NADAC Associates and should be sure their status is current prior to accepting assignments. NADAC only requires that they provide placement and qualifying ribbons. This very much includes ADULT discussions. News: This forum is now strictly a archived version. 9,949 likes · 3 talking about this · 76 were here. Search for: e. Email or Username. NDAC. 6 (31 Oct 2023) (All map DLC required) for. The intent was to give a dog with a wither height of under 11 inches a comparable amount of time to qualify as a dog who measures nearly double that height. Thanks, Pete. NADAC Forum » Past Championships discussions » 2017 General Championships Discussion » past Champs. any help with directions will be greatly appreciated. com This forum is now strictly a archived version. National Average Drug Acquisition Cost. com. Round 1 – Round 2 – Pre-Trial Pre Trial Run Order and Scores Wednesday – Tuesday – 2023 NADAC Championships Champions Center in Springfield, Ohio Pre-Trial October 3-4 Main Event October 5-8. Where does everyone get their barrels from? And how much do they generally spend? I have seen the collapsible barrel racing ones but they are literally almost $100 each!NADAC Forum » General ». NADAC is now accepting videotaped agility runs! You and your dog can earn VT titles in all NADAC classes, including Beginners Agility tests. Lorri. NADAC Forum » General ». FAQ Terms Of Service Privacy Policy Volunteer Donate Contact Us1. . It attracts us to use “NADAC only wordclock” based on internal 10MHz clock. NADAC - Dog agility trial and seminar calendars, rules and information about the North American Dog Agility Council. The Fora platform includes forum software by XenForo. One person must be designated as the Club Contact who will be the liaison between your organization and NADAC. The new forum is located at: NadacForum. Trial secretaries can also join a private group for Trial Officials to connect with NADAC Clubs around the country as well as stay up to. available on the Championships page of the NADAC website. Print NADAC title certificates which your dog has earned. NADAC - Dog agility trial and seminar calendars, rules and information about the North American Dog Agility Council. This forum is now strictly a archived version. Dec 20, 2012 at 8:28 AM. Menu. The new forum is located at: NadacForum. com. The new forum is located at: NadacForum. This forum is now strictly a archived version. Do not wait until the premium is submitted! Changes can be accommodated (different classes, different location, etc. Dog Registration;. I know all these brands have vary different flavors of the sound but since NADAC retails at $10K+, I am interested in knowing comparison to these established big. (National Average Drug Acquisition Cost) 2015. About the NADAC Community Forum . com. Dog Registration;. I am always up for a challenge but like to know parameters in advance. About the NADAC Community Forum. Hi NADAC Peeps! I have a questions. North American Dog Agility Council (NADAC), Bend, Oregon. ABOUT US. best. Home; Help; Search; Login; Register; NADAC Forum » General » List of NADAC dog agility judges. Password (Forgot password?) or. 1. Events . The Roman Forum, known as Forum Romanum in Latin, was a site located at the center of the ancient city of Rome and the location of important religious, political and. Coast to Coast was started back in 2016 as an experiment to see how long (in real time) it would take to drive to the East coast. 00 whether paid via Paypal account or via credit card. Qualifying points earned via VT runs will be credited toward titles, special awards and entry into the Championships. NADAC Forum » General ». Follow Us On Facebook Twitter NADAC Forum. NADAC - Dog agility trial and seminar calendars, rules and information about the North American Dog Agility Council. 97708. The Sims ForumsChanges to BOAY Forum Format. NADAC Forum » General » General Discussion » Training the start line:. the NADAC Forum to be able to connect and chat with NADAC enthusiasts around the world! supports dog agility as a competitive sport while striving to protect and advance the interests of dog agility by encouraging sportsmanlike competition and responsible dog ownership. 24605 Dodds Rd. Logged Margaret MacEwenThe North American Dog Agility Council (NADAC) was formed in 1993 to provide North American dogs and their handlers with a fast, safe and enjoyable form of the sport of dog agility. Beauchamp. Is the intent of that statement covered by what's stated further down -- "VT runs cannot be submitted if there is a trial within 150 miles 5 days before AND 5 days after a VT submitted run. ". The purpose of a NADAC agility trial is to demonstrate the ability of a dog and its handler to work as. Home; Help; Search; Login; Register; NADAC Forum » General » Login to NADAC. com. Events . Follow on Followers 0. 14. Elite Superior Versatility Award. More Connect Find others with. News: This forum is now strictly a archived version. Less ominous than late last week, but a narrow stripe of 3-5" rainfall by 3PM Saturday seems destined from near NYC metro north into se NYS and w CT. Good evening NADAC crew: I was hoping you could help me. The forum will no longer be under active moderation. I heard there was a NADAC champs in New Jersey once. GST. PO Box 7439. Scores/Schedule Roster Statistics. The new forum is located at: NadacForum. This forum is now strictly a archived version. NADAC supports dog agility as a competitive sport, while striving to protect and advance the interests of dog agility by encouraging sportsmanlike competition and responsible dog ownership. NADAC Forum » Search » Search Results » Search; Set Search Parameters. Login with Google Login with Facebook. The new forum is located at: NadacForum. Bettmann / Getty Images. ) but advance notification will make the premium approval process go much smoother. Even after tending to his wound, he wouldn’t leave. The VT courses on the old site are the ones that Jeff is seeing. The new forum is located at: NadacForum. All NADAC rules apply. Its head office is in New Delhi. Need to know what type of adhesive to use to apply NADAC approved rubber to wooden decking on aluminum contacts. Home; Help; Search; Login; Register; NADAC Forum » General » General Discussion » EGC 2015NADAC Forum » Search; Set Search Parameters. I feel NADAC needs to be consistent in the "Training in the ring" rule. . Check Your Dog's Points Earned! Title Lookup and Certificates. 64bit edition support forum (MSFS 2020) Native FS2020 PBR repaints, to be installed with the Liveries Manager tool. com. Menu. See all Subscription Plans . Our area has. Karen PedersenThis forum is now strictly a archived version. Exhibitors are encouraged to join the NADAC Forum by going to and submitting your request to join. com. A forum based on a foundation of free speech for all members. Dog Registration. com. CSNbbs - College Sports and Conference Realignment. BOAY Ad Free Annual Subscription - NZ$25/year incl. Assuming the average nadac career that dog would be competing until they are 12 and probably still sound. We foster a cooperative and supportive spirit and hold multiple agility trials each year in Northern NV and Northern CA sanctioned by the North American Dog Agility Council. I find this a very interesting topic 1: Mida$ Touch Pet$, thanks owner: Mida$ Touch Pet$, thanks owner Nov 21, 2023 9:55am: hey you all. com. Home; Help; Search; Login; Register; NADAC Forum » General » General Discussion » VT NATCH RibbonsThis forum is now strictly a archived version. We support members' success with standards, education, certification, marketing and advocacy to promote the highest quality and ethical services. 11,393 Posts Discussion Starter · #1 · Jun 8, 2012 Anyone on the forum compete in NADAC trials? There are several in my area this summer and one of our. This forum is not intended for any persons under the age of 18.